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How Earthquakes and Volanoes Shape Earth - Read Aloud

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earthquakes and volcanoes

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how are earthquakes and volcanoes shape Earth this is a nonfiction book with the essential question how do volcanoes and earthquakes change the land is presented in five chapters an earthquake shakes the ground volcano explosion lava pours out lava is hot liquid rock that destroys everything in its path volcanoes and earthquakes are examples of natural hazards hurricanes and tornadoes are natural hazards two natural hazards are caused by forces in nature unfortunate they can harm people animals and buildings What If people could stop all natural hazards from happening with that be a good thing volcanoes can cause harm but they can also be helpful earthquakes and volcanoes help to shape Earth what on Earth was a young Planet there was no atmosphere for millions of years volcanoes erupted gases from inside Earth poured out the gases became part of the atmosphere with sunfarm to rain that fell and became the first ocean about 250 million years ago Earth had just one big piece of land with ocean water all around it then came shaking and crashing and lava poured out of the ground all these earthquakes and volcanoes how to break the land into pieces now millions of years later there different land areas called continents chapter 2 our puzzle planet Earth has an outer layer of solid rock this layer is called the crust the mantle is the layer beneath the crust the crust and upper mantle are broken in two very large pieces called tectonic plates they fit together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle the plates move over a layer of hot almost melted rock that can slow Earth's continents cover some parts of these plates and the oceans cover the other parts of them the plates creep along very slowly usually you cannot tell they are moving picture of Lake filled with a big floating rafts Sunrise bump into each other other split apart some slide past each other Earth's plates move like the rafts they together apart and passed each other the place where two plates meet is cause of plate boundary many earthquakes happen near plate boundaries most volcanoes form boundaries to chapter three volcanoes two tectonic plates come together at a plate boundary one may slide under the other and sink into the hot mantle some of the stinking the melted rock Rises up through cracks in the Rocks above and sometimes an opening in the rock forms at the surface than burning hot lava burst out of the ground forming a volcano with a volcano erupts rocks Ash and how Casas come flying out with a lava and erupting volcano can destroy everything around it almost two thousand years ago there was a town in Italy called Pompeii it was near beautiful mountain called Mount Vesuvius Johnson was really a volcano but it had that erupted for hundreds of years suddenly the quiet Mountain blew his top people try to run away but rocks and Ashbury the town and many people, patients have volcanoes can cause great Farm volcanoes can destroy but they can also build up Earth's surface after lava erupts onto the surface it cools and hardens into new rock this happens again and again each time a new layer of rock forms and build up Earth's surface The Rock layers slowly build up to form mountains this happens on continents and under the ocean when enough underwater Rock builds up to rise above the ocean surface and I'll this is how the islands of Hawaii formed erupting volcanoes send out Ash to this ash can harm living things as it falls and covers the ground however it can also help by adding minerals to the store minerals are nutrients that living things need when Ash mixes with soil and makes the soil better for growing plants chapter 4 first place one spring day in 1960 the ground began Shake in the town of Valdivia Chile people rushed out of their house has a large earthquake that hit and almost all the buildings were knocked down it was the biggest earthquake ever recorded the Picture Show Street in Valdivia after the 1960 earthquake like volcanoes most earthquakes occur because of moving tectonic plates cracks called faults form in Earth's crust as plates move and change the rocks on either side of a fault can move those rocks move suddenly an earthquake happens to crush shakes with a little or a lot of energy the energy spread out as waves through Earth if the waves are weak people might feel the ground shake a little bit if the waves are strong houses cars and even boast in the ocean can be tossed around buildings roads and bridges can be damaged or destroyed earthquakes can destroy movement along faults can also build up Earth's surface land gets pushed up when two plates push together rock on one side of a fault gets pushed up over Rock on the other side this can for Mountain part of the Rocky Mountains form this way mountains can form when rocks get pushed up along a fault chapter 5 staying safe people cannot stop natural hazards from happening but they can find ways to stay safe when disasters do you happen standing up to an earthquake most time to people from earthquakes happens when buildings are bridges fall down engineers and Builders can put strong steel frames and other safety features and the buildings these features help prevent earthquakes images save life living with volcanoes insults scientists use special tools to study changes in the ground near volcanoes and fault these tools problem solving a volcano erupt or an earthquake may happen running from natural hazards natural hazards can be dangerous but they have also helped to shape Earth's surface scientists study them to better understand our planet this new bridge was built to withstand earthquakes

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How Earthquakes and Volanoes Shape Earth - Read Aloud

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